Renal Osteodystrophy

Renal osteodystrophy encompasses a spectrum of skeletal disorders seen in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially in those on long-term dialysis. It results from disrupted calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D metabolism, along with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Clinical manifestations include bone pain, fractures, and growth retardation in children. Radiographic features may show subperiosteal bone resorption and osteosclerosis. Management involves phosphate binders, vitamin D analogs, and sometimes parathyroidectomy. Early recognition and treatment are crucial to prevent skeletal deformities and improve quality of life in CKD patients.