Thromboembolism

Thromboembolic events are among the most critical complications following orthopaedic procedures, especially in patients undergoing joint arthroplasty or trauma surgery. Risk factors include prolonged immobility, hypercoagulable states, malignancy, and certain medications. Prophylaxis protocols often involve mechanical compression devices and pharmacological agents such as low molecular weight heparin or direct oral anticoagulants. Risk stratification using tools like the Caprini score helps tailor thromboprophylaxis strategies. Early mobilisation and individualised risk assessment remain key components of prevention.